Open main menu

Participants in World War I

Map of the World showing the participants in World War I. Those fighting on the side of the Triple Entente (at one point or another) are depicted in green, the Central Powers in orange, and neutral countries in grey.

This is a list of countries that participated in World War I, sorted by alphabetical order.

The Entente PowersEdit

Note: The "Entente Powers" are also known as the Allies of World War I or the Allies

•  Andorra (declared war on Germany but played no part in the fighting)
•  Armenia
• Arab Rebels
•  Belgium
•  Brazil
• Republic of China
•  Costa Rica
• Cuba
• Czechoslovak Legions
• Emirate of Nejd and Hasa
• France (French colonial empire)

•  Greece
•  Guatemala
•  Haiti
•  Honduras
•  Italy
• Japan
•  Liberia
•  Montenegro
•    Nepal
• New Hebrides (British-French condominium)
•  Nicaragua
•  Panama
• Portugal (Portuguese colonial empire)
•  Romania
•  Russia
  • Russian Republic
  • Russian SFSR until Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
•  Serbia
•  San Marino
• Siam (now Thailand)
•  United Kingdom (British Empire^[1])
  •  Canada
  • India (now India, Bangladesh, Burma and Pakistan)
  •  Newfoundland
  •  Australia
  •  New Zealand
  • Malta
  •  South Africa
  • Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe and Zambia), administered by the British South Africa Company
  • British crown colonies
• United States
  • Alaska
  • Hawaii
  • Philippine Islands
  •  Puerto Rico
  • Other unincorporated territories
• Non Independent ethnic groups: Armenians, Assyrians, Poles, Pontic Greeks

The Central PowersEdit

•  Austria-Hungary
• Azerbaijan Democratic Republic
•  Bulgaria
• Dervish State
•  Germany
  • German colonial empire
• Jabal Shammar
•  Ottoman Empire
• Sultanate of Darfur
• Ukrainian State
• Non Independent ethnic groups: Boer, Poles

Neutral countriesEdit

• Afghanistan – received a German diplomatic mission trying to convince it to act against the British in India
•  Principality of Albania – In political chaos since the beginning of the war, the country was occupied by both Central and Allied powers but never declared war on either side
•  Argentina
•  Bolivia
•  Bhutan
•  Chile
•  Colombia
•  Denmark
•  El Salvador
•  Ethiopia – received a German diplomatic mission trying to convince it to act against Italy, United Kingdom and France in East Africa
•  Liechtenstein – Had a customs and monetary union with Austria-Hungary
• Luxembourg – Never declared war on the Central Powers despite being invaded and occupied by Germany
• Bogd Khaanate of Mongolia
• / Mexico – Declined an alliance with Germany (see Zimmermann Telegram)
•  Monaco
• Netherlands – An ally of the United Kingdom by treaty. Traded with both sides.
•  Norway – Gave naval assistance to the United Kingdom.
•  Paraguay
• Persia – Civil dispute and Allied Campaign against Ottomans
• Spain
• Spitsbergen – Danish-Norwegian co-dominium
•  Sweden – Non-belligerent
•   Switzerland – Switzerland did declare a "state of siege"
•  Venezuela – Supplied the Allies with oil

Declarations of warEdit

European military alliances prior to the war.

Allies and Central Powers, early August 1914.

Allies and Central Powers, mid 1918.

The following table shows the timeline of the several declarations of war among the belligerent powers. Entries on a yellow background show severed diplomatic relations only, not actual declarations of war.

Date	Declarer	On
1914
July 28	Austria-Hungary	Serbia
August 1	Germany	Russia
August 3	Germany	France
August 4	Germany	Belgium
	United Kingdom	Germany
August 5	Montenegro	Austria-Hungary
August 6	Austria-Hungary	Russia
	Serbia	Germany
August 9	Montenegro	Germany
August 11	France	Austria-Hungary
August 12	United Kingdom	Austria-Hungary
August 22	Austria-Hungary	Belgium
August 23	Japan	Germany
August 25	Japan	Austria-Hungary
November 1	Russia	Ottoman Empire
November 2	Serbia	Ottoman Empire
November 3	Montenegro	Ottoman Empire
November 5	United Kingdom France	Ottoman Empire
1915
May 23	Italy	Austria-Hungary
June 3	San Marino	Austria-Hungary
August 21	Italy	Ottoman Empire
October 14	Bulgaria	Serbia
October 15	United Kingdom Montenegro	Bulgaria
October 16	France	Bulgaria
October 19	Italy Russia	Bulgaria
1916
March 9	Germany	Portugal
March 15	Austria-Hungary	Portugal
August 27	Romania	Austria-Hungary
	Italy	Germany
August 28	Germany	Romania
August 30	Ottoman Empire	Romania
November 1	Bulgaria	Romania
1917
April 6	United States	Germany
April 7	Cuba Panama	Germany
April 10	Bulgaria	United States
April 13	Bolivia	Germany
April 20	Ottoman Empire	United States
July 2	Greece	Germany Austria-Hungary Ottoman Empire Bulgaria
July 22	Siam	Germany Austria-Hungary Ottoman Empire
August 4	Liberia	Germany
August 14	China	Germany Austria-Hungary
October 6	Peru	Germany
October 7	Uruguay	Germany
October 26	Brazil	Germany
December 7	United States	Austria-Hungary
December 7	Ecuador	Germany
December 10	Panama	Austria-Hungary
December 16	Cuba	Austria-Hungary
1918
April 23	Guatemala	Germany
May 8	Nicaragua	Germany Austria-Hungary
May 23	Costa Rica	Germany
July 12	Haiti	Germany
July 19	Honduras	Germany
November 10	Romania	Germany

See alsoEdit

World War I portal

• Allies of World War I
• Triple Entente
• Triple Alliance
• Central Powers
• Participants in World War II

Notes and referencesEdit

1. ^ The British Empire was the common term for the United Kingdom and its overseas possessions at this time. The term refers to the colonies it controlled, to the Indian Empire, which, while not officially designated a colony, was functionally indistinguishable from one, and the British Dominions - former colonies which were self-governing in most respects but whose foreign policy was controlled by London; Australia, Canada, Newfoundland, New Zealand and South Africa. At that time, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland also included the entire island of Ireland.

v t e World War I Home fronts Theatres European Balkans Western Front Eastern Front Italian Front Middle Eastern Gallipoli Sinai and Palestine Caucasus Persia Mesopotamia South Arabia African South-West East Kamerun Togoland North Asian and Pacific Tsingtao German New Guinea and Samoa At sea Atlantic U-boat campaign Mediterranean North Sea Baltic Southern Hemisphere Cocos & Keeling Islands Coronel Falkland Islands Principal participants (people) Entente powers Armenia Brazil China French Empire Belgium British Empire Greece Italy Japan Montenegro Portugal Romania Russia Russian Empire Russian Republic Serbia Siam United States Central Powers Germany Austria-Hungary Ottoman Empire Bulgaria Timeline Pre-War conflicts Scramble for Africa (1880–1914) Russo-Japanese War (1905) First Moroccan (Tangier) Crisis (1905–06) Agadir Crisis (1911) Italo-Turkish War (1911–12) French conquest of Morocco (1911–12) First Balkan War (1912–13) Second Balkan War (1913) Prelude Origins Sarajevo assassination Anti-Serb riots in Sarajevo July Crisis Autumn 1914 Battle of the Frontiers Battle of Cer First Battle of the Marne Siege of Tsingtao Battle of Tannenberg Battle of Galicia Battle of the Masurian Lakes Battle of Kolubara Battle of Sarikamish Race to the Sea First Battle of Ypres 1915 Second Battle of the Masurian Lakes Second Battle of Ypres Battle of Gallipoli Battles of the Isonzo Great Retreat Second Battle of Champagne Kosovo Offensive Siege of Kut Battle of Loos 1916 Erzurum Offensive Battle of Verdun Lake Naroch Offensive Battle of Asiago Battle of Jutland Battle of the Somme Brusilov Offensive Baranovichi Offensive Battle of Romani Monastir Offensive Battle of Transylvania 1917 Capture of Baghdad First Battle of Gaza Second Battle of Arras Kerensky Offensive Third Battle of Ypres (Passchendaele) Battle of Mărășești Battle of Caporetto Southern Palestine Offensive Battle of Cambrai Armistice of Erzincan 1918 Operation Faustschlag Treaty of Brest-Litovsk Spring Offensive Second Battle of the Marne Battle of Baku Hundred Days Offensive Vardar Offensive Battle of Megiddo Third Transjordan attack Meuse-Argonne Offensive Battle of Vittorio Veneto Battle of Aleppo Armistice of Mudros Armistice of Villa Giusti Armistice with Germany Other conflicts Mexican Revolution (1910–20) Somaliland Campaign (1910–20) Libyan resistance movement (1911–43) Maritz Rebellion (1914–15) Zaian War (1914–21) Indo-German Conspiracy (1914–19) Senussi Campaign (1915–16) Volta-Bani War (1915–17) Easter Rising (1916) Anglo-Egyptian Darfur Expedition (1916) Kaocen Revolt (1916–17) Russian Revolution (1917) Finnish Civil War (1918) Post-War conflicts Russian Civil War (1917–21) Ukrainian–Soviet War (1917–21) Armenian–Azerbaijani War (1918–20) Georgian–Armenian War (1918) German Revolution (1918–19) Revolutions and interventions in Hungary (1918–20) Hungarian–Romanian War (1918–19) Greater Poland Uprising (1918–19) Estonian War of Independence (1918–20) Latvian War of Independence (1918–20) Lithuanian Wars of Independence (1918–20) Third Anglo-Afghan War (1919) Egyptian Revolution (1919) Polish–Ukrainian War (1918–19) Polish–Soviet War (1919–21) Irish War of Independence (1919–21) Turkish War of Independence Greco-Turkish War (1919–23) Turkish–Armenian War (1920) Iraqi revolt (1920) Polish–Lithuanian War (1920) Vlora War (1920) Franco-Syrian War (1920) Soviet–Georgian War (1921) Irish Civil War (1922–23) Aspects Opposition Pacifism Anti-war movement Deployment Schlieffen Plan (German) Plan XVII (French) Warfare Military engagements Naval warfare Convoy system Air warfare Cryptography Horse use Poison gas Railways Strategic bombing Technology Trench warfare Total war Christmas truce Last surviving veterans Civilian impact Atrocities Prisoners Casualties Economic history 1918 flu pandemic Destruction of Kalisz The Rape of Belgium German occupation of Belgium German occupation of Luxembourg German occupation of northeastern France Ober Ost Ottoman people (Armenian Genocide, Assyrian genocide, Pontic Greek genocide) Blockade of Germany Women (Australia) Popular culture German prisoners of war in the United States Agreements Partitioning of the Ottoman Empire Sykes–Picot Agreement Agreement of Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne French-Armenian Agreement Damascus Protocol Paris Peace Conference Venizelos–Tittoni agreement Treaties Treaty of Brest-Litovsk Treaty of Lausanne Treaty of London Treaty of Neuilly Treaty of St. Germain Treaty of Sèvres Treaty of Trianon Treaty of Versailles Consequences Aftermath "Fourteen Points" League of Nations World War I memorials Centenary (commemorations) Category Portal World War I at Wiktionary WWI textbooks at Wikibooks WWI quotations at Wikiquote WWI source texts at Wikisource WWI images & media at Commons WWI news stories at Wikinews

World War I portal

Read in another language

Last edited on 6 October 2015, at 10:49

• ^®

  • Mobile
  • Desktop
• Content is available under CC BY-SA 3.0 unless otherwise noted.

• Terms of Use
• Privacy